Attitudes of the Islamic and Western Educational Thought Towards the Study of Philosophy and its Teaching A Critical Analytical Study

The present study aims to determine the basic features of the attitude of educational schools studying and teaching philosophy in Islamic and Western educational thought to identify the similarities and differences between their attitudes. Therefore, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method to highlight the educational opinions of Islamic and Western educational thinkers. The results showed that studying and teaching philosophy requires certain methods and skills, e.g., the problematic method, the constructive method, as well as the conversational, analytical, structural, and evidence-based method. Moreover, teaching philosophy in the Arab world faces problems, such as the lack of interest in philosophical lessons compared to the great interest in physical sciences and mathematics, as well as sciences that ensure technical knowledge,. The need for philosophy has been maximized in the Arab communities because the need for rational thinking is increasingly important due to the challenges. The study recommends drawing the attention of the philosophy departments at Arab universities to standardize philosophical theories away from the theories of atheism and materialists. An encyclopaedia of philosophy should be compiled to illustrate the contributions and creations of Muslim philosophers. Furthermore, those in charge of studying philosophy should make critical changes to the approaches and intentions of the philosophical lesson to be more related to the reality of the Arab world.