The effectiveness of a multi-activity training program to reduce ‎smartphone addiction and its impact on improving sleep quality among ‎primary school students

The study aimed to verify the effectiveness of a multi-activity training program in reducing smartphone addiction and improving sleep quality among primary school students. The main study sample consisted of 23 students from the fifth and sixth grades, aged between 10 and 12 years, with an average age of 11.04 years and a standard deviation of 0.706. This sample was divided into two equivalent groups: a control group (12 students) and an experimental group (11 students). The students were selected based on high levels of smartphone addiction (upper quartile) and low levels of sleep quality (lower quartile). The study tools included a smartphone addiction scale, a sleep quality scale for primary school students, and a multi-activity training program to reduce smartphone addiction for primary school students, all developed by the researchers. After applying the program, several results were obtained, the most important of which are: There were statistically significant differences at the 0.01 significance level between the mean ranks of the control and experimental groups in the post-measurement of the smartphone addiction scale and its sub-dimensions (daily life problems, excessive use, withdrawal symptoms) in favor of the control group, There were statistically significant differences at the 0.01 significance level between the mean ranks of the control and experimental groups in the post-measurement of the sleep quality scale and its sub-dimensions (healthy sleep indicators, stable and deep sleep, daily performance) in favor of the experimental group. There were statistically significant differences at the 0.01 significance level between the mean ranks of the experimental group in the pre- and post-measurements of the total score of the smartphone addiction scale and its sub-dimensions in favor of the pre-measurement. There were statistically significant differences at the 0.01 significance level between the mean ranks of the experimental group in the pre- and post-measurements of the total score of the sleep quality scale and its sub-dimensions (healthy sleep indicators, stable and deep sleep, daily performance) in favor of the post-measurement. There were no statistically significant differences between the mean ranks of the experimental group in the post- and follow-up measurements for the sub-dimensions of excessive use and withdrawal symptoms. There were statistically significant differences at the 0.01 significance level in the post- and follow-up measurements of the total score of the smartphone addiction scale and the daily life problems dimension in favor of the follow-up measurement, but there were no statistically significant differences between the mean ranks of the experimental group in the post- and follow-up measurements on the sleep quality scale and its sub-dimensions.