The Effect of Human Investment through Spatial Contracting System on Organizational Justice and Job Engagement of General Education Teachers: A Quasi-Experimental Study in the Saudi Context

The study aimed to investigate the impact of human investment through the spatial contract system on organizational justice and job engagement among general education teachers in Saudi Arabia. The study employed a quasi-experimental methodology based on a two-equivalent-group design: experimental and control, including pre- and post-measurements. The study tools consisted of an organizational justice questionnaire and a job engagement observation card. The study was conducted during the academic year 2023 on a sample of 37 teachers (male and female), who were selected and distributed through systematic randomized sampling, followed by equivalency procedures for both groups. The researcher communicated with school leaders and teachers participating in the study and provided them with instructions and methods for implementing the study tools. Among its most important findings: There were differences in the post-test means of the organizational justice questionnaire and job engagement observation card between the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group, attributed to human investment through the spatial contract system. There were no differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-test means of the organizational justice questionnaire and job engagement observation card attributed to gender. Additionally, there were no differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-test means of the organizational justice questionnaire and job engagement level attributed to the interaction between the human investment system and gender. The study established multiple procedural recommendations based on its findings. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended to enhance human capital investment through the spatial contracting system in educational institutions, due to its role in improving organizational justice and job engagement among teachers. It is also advised to adopt training programs for educational leaders to ensure effective implementation and equal opportunity. Future studies are encouraged to explore the impact of this system on other educational variables across various disciplines and educational levels.