The Reasons for the decline of Egyptian Public Universities In International Ranking: "Critical Analytical Study"

The current research aims to reveal the reasons for the low ranking of Egyptian universities on the lists of international rankings of universities. Where the researcher used the descriptive analytical method to study and critique the international rankings of universities, and the research included a theoretical framework that explains the competitiveness between universities and the emergence and importance of the international rankings of universities And an analysis of the four most famous international universities ranking, which are: The Chinese Shanghai Classification, the British Times Classification, the Spanish Webometrics Classification, and the British QS Classification. Through the theoretical framework and previous studies, the researcher reached the most important reasons that led to the decline in the ranking of Egyptian universities in the international classifications of universities, the most important of which is the bias of the international classifications of universities to the English language, As well as for British and American scientific journals, issued in the English language. The international rankings of universities meet the needs of parents and students in the West, as they help them choose distinguished universities to study in. whereas for students’ enrollment in Egyptian universities, is done through coordination and total grades, as well as the low conditions of faculty members in Egyptian universities to the extent that their salaries are not sufficient to meet their basic needs. Also the international rankings focus on scientific research, whereas Egyptian universities are not research universities, but rather it was founded for education and scientific research came later. The researcher presented a set of recommendations that contribute to improving the ranking of Egyptian universities in the lists of international university rankings.