The effectiveness of using Augmented Reality based on Mobile Learning (ARBML) in developing Linear Motion Concepts (LMC) and Self-Directed Learning (SDL)among first year secondary school students in Physics

The current research aimed to study the effectiveness of using Augmented Reality based on Mobile Learning in developing the concepts of Linear Motion and Self-directed learning among first year secondary school students in Physics. To conduct this research, the quasi-experimental with pre-test post-test control group design was used. The research sample consisted of (122) students from the first year of secondary school in Beheira Governorate, and they were divided into two groups: (62) students for the Experimental group, and (60) students for the Control group. The research instruments were preparing the content of Linear Motion Concepts according to Augmented Reality Applications based on Mobile Learning, a test of linear Motion Concepts, and a scale of readiness for Self-Directed learning. Firstly, the research instruments were applied at the same time on the two groups, Secondly the content prepared according to Augmented Reality was taught to the students of the experimental group, while the content was taught according to the method used in the school for the control group. The results of the current research indicated the effectiveness of using Augmented Reality based on Mobile Learning in developing the research variables. The research recommended holding training courses for Science teachers on how to use (ARBML) in teaching various scientific Concepts that include Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, and developing Self-directed learning among students at all educational levels.